ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/most_popular/ Most popular science, health, technology and environment news stories, featured on ScienceDaily's home page.en-usMon, 19 Nov 2012 01:06:17 ESTMon, 19 Nov 2012 01:06:17 EST60http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/most_popular/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141528.htm Bioengineers have isolated the neurons that carry split-second decisions to act from the higher brain to the brain stem. In doing so, they have provided insight into the causes of severe brain disorders such as depression.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141528.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htm The prevailing wisdom has been that every cell in the body contains identical DNA. However, a new study of stem cells derived from the skin has found that genetic variations are widespread in the body's tissues, a finding with profound implications for genetic screening.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141520.htm Researchers have designed the fastest, most accurate algorithm yet for brain-implantable prosthetic systems that can help disabled people maneuver computer cursors with their thoughts. The algorithm's speed, accuracy and natural movement approach those of a real arm, and the system avoids the long-term performance degradations of earlier technologies.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141520.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141516.htm In a breakthrough for nanotechnology and multiple sclerosis (MS), a biodegradable nanoparticle delivers an antigen that tricks the immune system and halts MS in mice. The approach, the first that doesn't suppress the immune system, is being tested in a clinical trial for MS patients, but with white blood cells delivering the antigen. The nanoparticle is an easier, cheaper option and can be used in other immune-related diseases including Type 1 diabetes, food and airway allergies.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141516.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htm Geneticists, pediatricians, surgeons and epidemiologists have identified two areas of the human genome associated with the most common form of non-syndromic craniosynostosis premature closure of the bony plates of the skull.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141430.htm The?structure and processes of United Nations climate negotiations are "antiquated", unfair and obstruct attempts to reach agreements, according to new research.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141430.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141408.htm An eating disorders research team has developed a successful bulimia nervosa therapy that can provide patients an alternative for treating this debilitating disorder.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141408.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141406.htm A virtual reality test might do a better job than pencil-and-paper tests of predicting whether a cognitive impairment will have real-world consequences. The test uses a computer-game-like virtual world and asks volunteers to navigate their ways through tasks such as delivering packages or running errands around town.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141406.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141403.htm By fabricating graphene structures atop nanometer-scale ?steps? etched into silicon carbide, researchers have for the first time created a substantial electronic bandgap in the material suitable for room-temperature electronics.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141403.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htm A new discovery concerning a fundamental understanding about how DNA works will produce a "180-degree change in focus" for researchers who study how gene packaging regulates gene activity, including genes that cause cancer and other diseases.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184654.htm Psychological factors can have as much -- or more -- impact on pediatric chest pain as physical ones, a new study found recently. Psychologists discovered pediatric patients diagnosed with non-cardiac chest pain have higher levels of anxiety and depression than patients diagnosed with innocent heart murmurs -- the noise of normal turbulent blood flow in a structurally normal heart.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184654.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184620.htm Young children who attend daycare on a regular basis are 50% more likely to be overweight compared to those who stayed at home with their parents, according to a new studySat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184620.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184551.htm Scientific studies have suggested that a wandering mind indicates unhappiness, whereas a mind that is present in the moment indicates well-being.?Now, a preliminary study suggests a possible link between mind wandering and aging, by looking at a biological measure of longevity.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184551.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184545.htm Penguins that face the bitter cold and icy winds of Antarctica often huddle together in large groups for warmth during storms. Mathematicians have created a model that shows how the penguins share heat fairly in the huddle.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184545.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184543.htm Researchers analyzed the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of Brazilian mediums during the practice of psychography, described as a form of writing whereby a deceased person or spirit is believed to write through the medium?s hand. The new research revealed intriguing findings of decreased brain activity during mediumistic dissociative state which generated complex written contentSat, 17 Nov 2012 18:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184543.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161103.htm What started out as a project to teach undergraduate students about network analysis, turned into an in-depth study of whether it was possible to analyze a National Basketball Association basketball team's strategic interactions as a network.Researchers discovered it is possible to quantify both a team's cohesion and communication structure.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:11:11 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161103.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161101.htm A lab produces a micron-scale spatial light modulator like those used in sensing and imaging devices, but with the potential to run orders of magnitude faster.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:11:11 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161101.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htm Adverse side effects of certain hepatitis C medications can now be replicated in the lab, thanks to a research team. The new method aids understanding of recent failures of hepatitis C antiviral drugs in some patients, and could help to identify medications that eliminate adverse effects. The findings may aid the development of safer and more effective treatments for hepatitis C and other pathogens such as SARS and West Nile virus.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161057.htm Contrary to popular thought, regular exercise before and during pregnancy could have beneficial effects for women that develop high blood pressure during gestation, a human physiology professor said.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161057.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161025.htm In order to build the next generation of nuclear reactors, materials scientists are trying to unlock the secrets of certain materials that are radiation-damage tolerant. Now researchers have brought new understanding to one of those secrets -- how the interfaces between two carefully selected metals can absorb, or heal, radiation damage.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161025.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161021.htm Living in areas of high air pollution can lead to decreased cognitive function in older adults, according to new research.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161021.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116160946.htm Online role-playing game developers can get ahead of the competition by giving gamers more opportunities to get social, collaborate and take control of their online personas, according to a new study.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:09:09 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116160946.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124650.htm If Bhutan's climate did not warm, glaciers in the monsoonal Himalayas would still shrink by almost 10 percent within the next few decades. What's more, the amount of melt water coming off these glaciers could drop by 30 percent.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124650.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124648.htm Polymers, in everything from shopping bags to ski boots, make our material world what it is today. Researchers are working to understand their structure and predict their behavior.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124648.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124646.htm Scientists are looking to cellular biological clocks as a target for genetic modification for increasing plant productivity.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124646.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htm Researchers have found that a protein, known for causing cancer cells to spread around the body, is also one of the molecules that trigger repair processes in the brain.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124642.htm A fundamental cornerstone for spintronics that has been missing up until now has been constructed by a team of physicists. A newly developed spin amplifier can be used at room temperature.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124642.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124603.htm Children who learn how to swim at a young age are reaching many developmental milestones earlier than the norm. Researchers surveyed parents of 7,000 under-fives from Australia, New Zealand and the US over three years for this study.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124603.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124559.htm Psychological scientists are exploring the mechanisms that underlie memory to understand why we remember certain things and why we forget others.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124559.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124557.htm Groundwater provides drinking water for millions of Americans and is the primary source of water to irrigate cropland in many of the nations most productive agricultural settings. Although the benefits of groundwater development are many, groundwater pumping can reduce the flow of water in connected streams and rivers.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124557.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124555.htm Playing soccer or running for at least three hours a week could help teenagers counteract the potential damage to their bone health caused by prolonged spells of sitting.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124555.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htm New research shows that a gene is responsible for a person's tendency to be an early riser or night owl -- and helps determine the time of day a person is most likely to die.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124425.htm Homophobia exists in many areas of life. It also seems to be particularly entrenched in sport, exercise and physical education (PE) settings of all kinds. But why is this the case?Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124425.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124419.htm They can help us pass the time, socialize and yes, even work, but can smartphones also help us save the planet? A new article suggests they can.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124419.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124347.htm By tweaking the formula for growing oxide thin films, researchers have achieved virtual perfection at the interface of two insulator materials.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:43:43 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124347.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124345.htm When you look in a mirror, you see an image of yourself in reverse. But one odd mirror invented by a mathematics professor shows your true face without reversing its image.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:43:43 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124345.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124339.htm New research provides evidence that a suite of techniques called ?metabolomics? can be used to determine the health status of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus), the world?s largest fish species.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:43:43 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124339.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116104143.htm Ethanol, a component of biofuel made from plants such as corn, is blended with gas in many parts of the country, but has significantly different fluid properties than pure gasoline. A group of researchers wondered how ethanol-based fuels would spread in the event of a large aquatic spill. They found that ethanol-based liquids mix actively with water, very different from how pure gasoline interacts with water and potentially more dangerous to aquatic life.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 10:41:41 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116104143.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htm Insights from a genetic condition that causes brain cancer are helping scientists better understand the most common type of brain tumor in children.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 09:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085629.htm Maternal vitamin C deficiency during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the fetal brain. And once brain damage has occurred, it cannot be reversed by vitamin C supplements after birth.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085629.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085627.htm Studies of a northern hardwood forest in New England point to unexpected ecological trends resulting from documented changes in the climate over 50 years. Some of the changes now taking place can be expected to alter the composition of the forest and the wildlife present. The observations may have implications for other northern forests and suggest directions for future research and monitoring.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085627.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085613.htm Near surface water has shaped the landscape of Mars. Areas of the planet?s northern and southern hemispheres have alternately thawed and frozen in recent geologic history and comprise striking similarities to the landscape of Svalbard. This suggests that water has played a more extensive role than previously envisioned, and that environments capable of sustaining life could exist, according to new research.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085613.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085611.htm Storing information ?in the Cloud? is rapidly gaining in popularity. Yet just how do these services really work? Researchers have completed the first comprehensive analysis of Dropbox, a popular service that already has 100 million users. One shortcoming of this service is that performance is greatly dependent on the physical distance to the Dropbox servers.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085611.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085609.htm A future quantum computer will be able to carry out calculations billions of times faster than even today's most powerful machines by exploit the fact that the tiniest particles, molecules, atoms and subatomic particles can exist in more than one state simultaneously. Scientists and engineers are looking forward to working with such high-power machines but so too are cyber-criminals who will be able to exploit this power in cracking passwords and decrypting secret messages much faster than they can now.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085609.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085548.htm ESA?s GOCE gravity satellite has already delivered the most accurate gravity map of Earth, but its orbit is now being lowered in order to obtain even better results. The Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) has been orbiting Earth since March 2009, reaching its ambitious objective to map our planet?s gravity with unrivaled precision.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:55:55 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085548.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085546.htm Immobile patients are in constant danger of developing pressure ulcers on the skin. Medical researchers have worked together to develop a special sheet that is gentle on the skin and helps to make patients more comfortable.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:55:55 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085546.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085330.htm Scientists have discovered a new mode of action for enzymes immersed in cellular membranes. Their experiments suggest that instead of recognizing and clipping proteins based on sequences of amino acids, these proteases' location within membranes gives them the unique ability to recognize and cut proteins with unstable structures.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:53:53 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085330.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085210.htm A new Reality Deck, a 416 screen super-high resolution virtual reality four-walled surround-view theater, is the largest resolution immersive display ever built driven by a graphic supercomputer. Its purpose and primary design principle is to enable scientists, engineers and physicians to tackle modern-age problems that require the visualization of vast amounts of data.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:52:52 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085210.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085208.htm A novel brain mechanism mediating the inhibition of the critical breathing muscles during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been identified for the first time in a new study.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:52:52 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085208.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085204.htm Plants lack muscles, yet in only a tenth of a second, the meat-eating Venus fly trap hydrodynamically snaps its leaves shut to trap an insect meal. This astonishingly rapid display of botanical movement has long fascinated biologists. Commercially, understanding the mechanism of the Venus fly trap's leaf snapping may one day help improve products such as release-on-command coatings and adhesives, electronic circuits, optical lenses, and drug delivery.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:52:52 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085204.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085201.htm What makes soccer star Christiano Ronaldo?s ?knuckleball? shot so unpredictable and difficult to stop?Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:52:52 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085201.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085159.htm Small floating objects change the dynamics of the surface they are on. This is an effect every serious student of breakfast has seen as rafts of floating cereal o?s arrange and rearrange themselves into patterns on the milk. Now scientists have suggested that this process may offer insight into nanoscale engineering processes.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:51:51 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085159.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085157.htm To help planes fly safely through cold, wet, and icy conditions, a team of Japanese scientists has developed a new super water-repellent surface that can prevent ice from forming in these harsh atmospheric conditions. Unlike current inflight anti-icing techniques, the researchers envision applying this new anti-icing method to an entire aircraft like a coat of paint.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:51:51 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085157.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085155.htm As the nearly 8 million U.S. high school students who participate in sports every year suit up this season, scientists are encouraging them to focus on something more valuable than winning ? their health. New research shows fracture and ACL prevention programs are essential in ensuring injuries don?t sideline players.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:51:51 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085155.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210617.htm Experts have set a target of lowering preterm birth rates by an average of 5 percent across 39 high-resource countries, including the United States, by 2015 to prevent prematurity for 58,000 babies a year.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210617.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210543.htm The remarkable properties and subsequent applications of graphene have been well-documented since it was first isolated in 2004; however, researchers are still trying to find a quick, cheap and efficient way of measuring its thickness. A group of researchers from China appear to have solved this problem by devising a universal method using just a standard optical microscope.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210543.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htm Researchers have pieced together new genetic clues to the arthritis puzzle in a study that brings potential treatments closer to reality and could also provide insights into why more women than men succumb to the disabling condition.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210457.htm Portions of Albert Einstein's brain have been found to be unlike those of most people and could be related to his extraordinary cognitive abilities, according to a new study.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:04:04 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210457.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htm Passing one's genes on to the next generation is a mark of evolutionary success. So it makes sense that the body would work to ensure that the genes the next generation inherits are exact replicas of the originals. Biologists have now identified one way the body does exactly that.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 17:22:22 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172038.htm Electron microscopy is providing unprecedented views of the individual atoms in graphene, offering scientists a chance to unlock the material's full potential for uses from engine combustion to consumer electronics.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 17:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172038.htm

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